What describes direct transmission of pathogens?

Direct transmission of pathogens occurs when the infectious agent is transferred directly from an infected individual to a susceptible host without an intermediary. Touching an infected person is a clear example of direct transmission, as it allows pathogens to be transferred through physical contact, such as skin-to-skin contact, where viruses or bacteria can be passed along.

In contrast, the other options represent forms of transmission that involve intermediaries or other environments. Eating contaminated food involves ingesting pathogens that have been transferred to food, which does not constitute direct transfer from person to person. Airborne spread refers to pathogens being carried through the air in droplets or dust particles, which is also indirect as it disperses beyond immediate contact. Insect bites involve vectors, such as mosquitoes or ticks, transferring pathogens into hosts, demonstrating another form of indirect transmission. Therefore, touching an infected person directly aligns with the definition of direct transmission.